Liquid fuel burner



Dec. 26, 1933.

Filed Dec. 11, 1930 u o o a 0 n a o o o o 0 a 0 Fatented fies. 26, E933 w re 1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LIQUID FUEL BURNER George E. Pickup,

Wehrlc Company, of Ohio Newark, Ohio, assignor to The Newark, Ohio, a corporation Application December 11, 1936i Serial No. 501,556

5 Claims. (Cl. its-92) The invention relates to a liquid fuel burner of the type in which the liquid fuel is supplied to a burner bowl formed at the bottom of a combustion chamber, the latter having an annular supply of air to the chamber. One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction for the burner bowl to facilitate ignition of the fuel.

Another object is to provide an improved construction for the combustion chamber to insure the efficient combustion of the fuel.

A general object is to provide a burner of the character indicated which may be manufactured economically and which is otherwise of a practical character.

The objects of the invention thus set forth together with other and ancillary advantages are attained by the exemplary construction illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational section of the improved burner.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the burner shown in Fig. l with a portion of the burner broken away to show the bottom of the burner bowl.

As herein shown the improved burner comprises a burner bowl 3 coacting with an annular wall 4 to provide a combustion chamber having a centrally apertured, sectionally formed top plate designated generally as'5. 6 designates an annular outer casing within the lower end of which the burner is supported in a manner such as to permit of air upwardly around the chamber through the flow the perforated annular wall 4. Fuel is admitted to the burner through the medium of an inlet port 7 preferably disposed centrally of the bottom of the b The bowl 3 construction,

owl.

is, in accordance with the preferred made in the form of a casting shaped to provide a slightly dished bottom wall 8 in the center of which is disposed the inlet port 7; and rising from an edge of the bottom wall is a peripheral side wall 9 with a slight outward The bottom 8 of the bowl 3 is constructed so as to break up the oil as the same is supplied thereto through the central port 7, to the end that ignition v of the fuel shall be facilitated.

Thus I provide near the an annular wardly center of the bottom 8 groove or channel 10 spaced outa short distance from the port 7. This channel is connected by four radial grooves 11 with theupper end of the port '7. Oil overflowing from the annular wardly over channel 10 travels radially out-. a relatively narrow annular surface In view of t he dished character of the bottom to govern and direct the.

have a, slight upward and outward inclination.

Thus it will be observed that oil 7 first.flows through radial grooves 11 to the annular channel 10, and then spreads outwardly over the annular surface 12 into sages 13, the oil in the radial passages 13 being fed to the port the radial pasof relatively small depth and decreasing gradually in depthtoward the outer ends of the pas sages. Such distribution of found to exmdite the surface of the bowl.

the fuel has been ignition thereof, and to insure uniformity of combustion over the entire The annular wall 4 is shaped and perforated so as to provide a proper supply of air to support and maintain combustion. This annular wall of being surmounted by the baffle frusto-conical section 5. The lower 14 has its lower edge resting in an annular groove 17 formed in a laterally extending flange 18 of the side wall 9. of the burner bowl; and substantially centrally of this frustoconical section 14 is an annular series of perforations 19. The perforations 19 are disposed perpendicular to the conical wall portion of the section 14, and thus are inclined in a downward and inward direction so that air admitted through these perforations passes downwardly into the burner-bowl for the purpose of supporting the combustion of the fuel distributed over the bottom of the bowl.

The intermediate section 15 of the annular wall 4 is in the form of a ring having its lower riding flange 20 wall section 14,

so as to be supported by the latter. As herein shown, said section 15 has three circumferential rows of perforations 21 admitting a further supply of. air to the combustion chamber. The slight outward and upward inclination of the intermediate section 15, together with the slightly inclined positions of the apertures 21, facilitates the upward passage of the ignited mixture.

The upper wall section 16 of the combustion chamber is fitted at its lower end into the upper end of the intermediate section 15 so as to be supportedthereby, .and carries at its upper edge the sectional top plate 5. The latter comprises an outer flat ring section.22 and a central frustoconical section 23, with a central discharge opening 24 therein. Two rows of perforations 25 in the upper wall section 16 admit'air which mixes with the fuel gas and passes through the central outlet opening 24 in the top of the plate 5. The inward and upward slope of the section 23 of the top plate 5 positions the outlet 24- inwardly and upwardly of the perforations 25, and serves to direct the flame to the discharge opening 24,

while the outward flare of the section 16 increases the cross sectional area of the burner near the top thereof so as to prevent the burner from becoming completely fllled with gases, with the result that the roaring noise ordinarily present when a burner is operating at full capacity is substantially eliminated.

The outer ring section 22 of the battle 5 has an annular groove 26 formed in the bottom side thereof for receiving the upper edge of the upper wall section 16 of the wall 4. From this groove the ring extends outwardly to a point adjacent the outer casing 6 so as to form a bafiie tending to prevent the free passage of air upwardly between the burner and the casing 6. Furthermore such lateral extension of the ring 22 is connected by means of tie-bolts 27 with brackets 28 cast integral with the side wall 9 and having the lower portion of the outer casing 6 secured thereto. The bolts 27 it will be observed serve to hold the several parts of the burner in proper relation.

Preferably the inner conical section of the baffle 5 is made in two similar segmental sections, and has its outer peripheral edge portion seated in a 'rabbet groove 29 formed in the inner peripheral edge of the ring 22. By this construction the conical section 23 of the batlle may be readily removed when desired.

It has been found that with the construction of the burnerbowl which has thus been provided, ignition of the fuel is substantially facilitated; and due to the shape of the combustion chamber eillcient and noiseless combustion of the fuel is insured throughout a substantial range of varia-, tion in the amount of fuel supplied. Because of the separate character of the three differently shaped portions of the annular wall 4, the manufacture thereof is materially simplified, and the construction as a whole is such that the burner may be produced at a low cost.

I claim as my invention:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a burnerbowl, means for supplying fuel'to said burner bowl, an annular wall rising from said bowl and coacting therewith to provide a combustion chamber, and a top plate for the combustion chamber having a central discharge opening, said annular wall comprising an outwardly and upwardly flaring section spaced above the bowl and perforated to permit the admission of air to the chamber, and said wall further comprising a section inclined upwardly and outwardly from said outwardly flaring section and having a plurality of perforations therein, said central discharge opening being spaced upwardly and inwardly from 7 the upper edge of said outwardly inclined wall section. i

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a burner bowl, means for supplying fuel to said bowl, an annular wall rising from said bowl and ,coacting therewith to provide'a combustion chamber, and a top plate for the combustion chamber having a central discharge opening, said annular wall comprising a lower frusto-conical section perforated to admit and direct air inwardly and and downwardly oward said bowl, an outwardly and upwardl flaring section spaced above the bowl and perforated to permit the admission of air to the chamber, and said wall further comprising a section inclined upwardly and outwardly from-said outwardly flaring section and having a plurality of perforations therein.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a burner bowl, means for supplying fuel to saidbowl, means coacting with said bowl to form a combustion chamber having a side wall including a lower approximately frusto-conical section seated upon said burner bowl, an intermediate section having its lower end resting upon said frusto-conical section in interfltting relation therewith, and an upper section inclined upwardly and outwardly from the upper edge of the intermediate section and also having an interfltting relation therewith, a rigid top plate having a central discharge aperture communicating with the combustion chamber, and means connecting said top plate with said burner bowl to hold the parts together, said wall having perforations therein for admitting air to the combustion chamber.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising bottom and side walls forming a combustion chamber, means for supplying fuel to said chamber, a top plate for said chamber having a central discharge opening, said side walls including an inwardly and upwardly sloping lower portion perforated to direct a primary supply of air inwardly and downwardly toward said bottom wall, said side walls also including an upwardly extending portion, above said inwardly sloping portion, flared gradually outwardly to permit gradual expansion of the flame and apertured to direct air into the chamber with a slight upward inclination whereby to promote gradual upward progress of the burning gases, said side wall further including an upper portion having an upward and a relatively great outward inclination and apertured to admit air to the upper portion of the combustion chamber.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising a bottom and annular side walls defining a combustion chamber, a top plate for said chamber having a central discharge opening, means for supplying fuel to the upper surface of said bottom wall, said side wall having a vertically elongated perforated intermediate portion joined at its lower end. with an outwardly and downwardly sloping frusto-conically formed side wall portion having openings therein to admit and direct air downwardly onto the fuel on said bottom well, said frusfo-conically formed side wall portion being joined at its outer edge with said bottom wall by a vertically-extending side wall portion of a diameter substantially greater than said intermediate side wall portion, and the upper end of said intermediate portion being connected to said top plate by an upwardly and outwardly sloping side wall portion apertured to admit additional air into the upper portion of the chamber.

6. A liquid fuel burner comprising, a burner bowl, means for supplying fuel to said bowl, a top plate having a central discharge opening, and means extending between said burner bowl and said top plate and'forming a combustion chamber, said means including an annular" outwardly and upwardly flaring wall section above the burner bowl perforated to permit the admission of ar to the chamber, and a wall section inclined upwardly and outwardly from the upper edge of said flaring wall section and constructed to permit the admission of additional air to the combustion chamber adjacent the top plate. 

